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CQL for DSE

  • Overview
    • Cassandra structure
    • About CQL
    • CQL quick reference
    • Known issues
  • Getting started
    • Vector Search Quickstart
    • CQL Quickstart
    • SAI Quickstart
    • DSE Search Indexing Quick Start
  • Planning
    • Data modeling
      • Data modeling concepts
      • Data modeling analysis
  • Connecting
    • cqlsh (startup options)
      • Accessing data using CQL
        • Starting the standalone cqlsh tool
        • Starting cqlsh
    • Developing
      • Introduction to CQL
      • Managing keyspaces
        • Keyspace concepts
        • Create a keyspace
        • Check a keyspace
        • Alter a keyspace
        • Drop a keyspace
      • Managing tables
        • Table concepts
        • Data types
        • Create a table
        • Check a table
        • Alter a table
        • Truncate a table
        • Drop a table
      • Managing columns
        • Managing columns
        • Create a table column
        • Check column existence
        • Alter a table column
        • Drop a column
        • User-defined type (UDT) overview
          • Create a user-defined type (UDT)
          • Check for user-defined type (UDT) existence
          • Alter a user-defined type (UDT)
          • Drop a user-defined type (UDT)
        • User-defined functions (UDFs) and user-defined aggregates (UDAs) overview
          • Create a user-defined function (UDF)
          • Check a user-defined function (UDF)
          • Drop a user-defined function (UDF)
          • Create a user-defined aggregate function (UDA)
          • Checking a user-defined aggregate (UDA)
          • Drop a user-defined aggregate (UDA)
      • Managing Materialized views
        • Materialized views concepts
        • Known limitations of materialized views
        • Create a materialized view (MV)
        • Alter a materialized view (MV)
        • Drop a materialized view
        • Frequently asked questions about materialized views
      • Indexing Tables
        • Indexing concepts
        • Storage-Attached Indexing (SAI) Overview
          • SAI concepts
          • SAI Quickstart
          • SAI FAQ
          • Create SAI index
          • Alter SAI index
          • Drop SAI index
          • Querying with SAI
          • Configure SAI indexes
          • Monitor SAI indexes
          • SAI write path and read path
        • Secondary indexes (2i) overview
          • Secondary index (2i) concepts
          • When to use an index
          • Building and maintaining secondary indexes (2i)
          • Create a secondary index (2i)
            • Create a 2i on a collection column
          • Check secondary index (2i) existence
          • Alter a secondary index (2i)
          • Drop a secondary index (2i)
        • Search indexes overview
          • Search index commands
          • Adjusting timeout for index management
          • Creating a search index
          • Configuring search index joins
          • Joining cores
          • Reloading the search index
          • Removing a search index
          • Managing search index fields
            • Syntax for changing schema settings
            • Search index schema field types
            • Adding a new field type
            • Adding a column to the index
            • Indexing tuples and UDTs fields
              • Tuple configuration example
              • UDT configuration example
              • Nesting tuples and UDTs
              • Tuples and UDTs as CQL map values
            • Indexing map columns
            • Indexing a column for different analysis
            • Dropping columns from the index
          • Updating the index after data expires (TTL)
          • Inserting, updating, and deleting data
          • Search indexing examples
        • Search index examples
          • Search index examples
            • Creating a demo keyspace for tutorials
            • Indexing and querying polygons
      • Inserting and updating data
        • Insert simple data
        • Set column
        • List fields
        • Map fields
        • Tuple
        • User-defined type (UDT) column
        • Insert static data
        • UUID and timeuuid column
        • Date column
        • Time column
        • Timestamp column
        • Duration column
        • Update counter
        • Lightweight transactions (LWTs)
        • Inserting JSON formatted values
        • Batching inserts and updates
          • Batching inserts, updates, and deletes
          • Good use of BATCH statement
          • Misuse of BATCH statement
        • Importing data from a CSV file
        • Setting the time-to-live (TTL) for value
          • Inserting, updating, and deleting data
      • Deleting data
        • Deleting values from a column or entire row
        • Expiring data with time-to-live
        • Expiring data with TTL example
      • Querying and retrieving data
        • Using a SELECT statement
        • Restricting queries using WHERE clauses
          • Partition keys
          • Clustering columns
          • Retrieval using the IN keyword
          • Sorting and limiting results
        • Returning data from collection columns
        • Aggregating results
        • Using user-defined functions (UDF)
        • Applying user-defined aggregate (UDA) functions
          • Testing performance impact using tracing
        • Formatting query results as JSON
        • Retrieving the write timestamp
        • Using tracing
          • Tracing performance
        • DSE Search index querying
        • Search index filtering best practices
          • Search index syntax
          • search-index:si-query-syntax.adoc#siIndexedColumns
          • search-index:si-query-syntax.adoc#basicSolrSyntax
          • search-index:si-query-syntax.adoc#queriesJSON
          • search-index:si-query-syntax.adoc#siEscapeCharacters
        • Native CQL search queries
        • Identifying the partition key
        • Filtering on terms
          • Filtering on words, phrases, or substrings
          • Fuzzy search
        • UDT query examples
        • Querying a CQL collection set
        • Using date ranges in solr_query
        • Geospatial queries for Point and LineString
        • Spatial queries with polygons require JTS
        • Using dynamic fields
        • Limiting results and paging
        • Restricted query routing
    • Securing overview
      • Security quickstart
      • Using cqlsh with authentication
      • System tables for authentication and authorization
  • Cycling Examples
    • Setting up the cycling keyspace
    • User-defined types (UDTs)
      • basic_info
      • basic_info_withTTL
      • fullname
      • race
    • User-defined functions (UDFs) and user-defined aggregates (UDAs)
      • flog
      • left
      • average_state
      • average_final
      • Cycling user-defined aggregate team_average
    • Tables
      • birthday_list
      • calendar
      • comments
      • country_flag
      • cyclist_alt_stats
      • cyclist_base
      • cyclist_career_teams
      • cyclist_category
      • cyclist_emails
      • cyclist_expenses
      • cyclist_id
      • cyclist_name
      • cyclist_points
      • cyclist_races
      • cyclist_sponsors
      • cyclist_stats
      • cyclist_teams
      • events
      • popular_count
      • race_sponsors
      • race_starts
      • race_times
      • race_winners
      • rank_by_year_and_name
      • team_average
      • upcoming_calendar
    • Materialized views (MVs)
      • cyclist_by_age-mv
    • Search indexes
      • Search index examples
      • comments search index
    • SASI indexes
      • Index on cyclist_name
    • Access control
      • Cycling internal
    • Cycling queries
      • Aggregating cycling data
    • Reference
      • CQL quick reference
      • Understanding the CQL command syntax
      • Data types
        • Creating a blob column
        • Date, time, and timestamp format
        • Solr field type reference for DSE Search
      • Operators
      • CQL native functions
      • CQL native aggregates
      • System and virtual tables
        • System tables
          • Keyspace tables
          • Querying system tables
          • Functions, aggregates, and user types
        • Virtual tables
          • Virtual keyspaces and tables
          • Virtual tables for SAI indexes and SSTables
      • cqlsh (startup options)
        • Configuring a cqlshrc file
        • Starting cqlsh on a search node
      • CQL shell (cqlsh) reference
        • CAPTURE
        • CLEAR
        • CONSISTENCY
        • COPY TO
        • COPY FROM
        • DESCRIBE AGGREGATE
        • DESCRIBE CLUSTER
        • DESCRIBE SCHEMA
        • DESCRIBE FUNCTION
        • DESCRIBE INDEX
        • DESCRIBE KEYSPACE
        • DESCRIBE MATERIALIZED VIEW
        • DESCRIBE SEARCH INDEX
        • DESCRIBE TABLE
        • DESCRIBE TYPE
        • EXECUTE AS
        • EXPAND
        • EXIT
        • LOGIN
        • PAGING
        • SERIAL CONSISTENCY
        • SHOW
        • SOURCE
        • TIMING
        • TRACING
      • CQL commands
        • ALTER KEYSPACE
        • ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW
        • ALTER ROLE
        • ALTER SEARCH INDEX CONFIG
        • ALTER SEARCH INDEX SCHEMA
        • ALTER TABLE
        • ALTER TYPE
        • ALTER USER (Deprecated)
        • BATCH
        • COMMIT SEARCH INDEX
        • CREATE AGGREGATE
        • CREATE CUSTOM INDEX
        • CREATE FUNCTION
        • CREATE INDEX
        • CREATE KEYSPACE
        • CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW
        • CREATE ROLE
        • CREATE SEARCH INDEX
        • CREATE TABLE
        • CREATE TYPE
        • CREATE USER (Deprecated)
        • DELETE
        • DROP AGGREGATE
        • DROP FUNCTION
        • DROP INDEX
        • DROP KEYSPACE
        • DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW
        • DROP ROLE
        • DROP SEARCH INDEX
        • DROP TABLE
        • DROP TYPE
        • DROP USER (Deprecated)
        • GRANT
        • INSERT
        • LIST PERMISSIONS
        • LIST ROLES
        • LIST USERS (Deprecated)
        • REBUILD SEARCH INDEX
        • RELOAD SEARCH INDEX
        • RESTRICT
        • RESTRICT ROWS
        • REVOKE
        • SELECT
        • TRUNCATE
        • UNRESTRICT
        • UNRESTRICT ROWS
        • UPDATE
        • USE
  • CQL for DSE
  • Developing
  • Querying and retrieving data
  • Filtering on terms
  • Filtering on words, phrases, or substrings
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Filtering on words, phrases, or substrings

Find rows that contain words, phrases, or substrings in indexed fields, similar to LIKE in SQL.

  • Term: A word that contains no spaces or punctuation and is separated from other content by a beginning or end of line, space, or punctuation mark.

  • Substring: Match character patterns in a term. Use asterisk (*) for zero or more characters. Use question mark (?) for zero or one character in a term search.

  • Phrase: Exact string that contains spaces or punctuation or both. Wrap phrases in double-quotes to search for the complete string when separated from other content by a space, punctuation mark, or beginning or end of a line.

Prerequisites

To run the following examples, set up Term and phrase searches using the wikipedia demo. Use cqlsh on a search node and replace the <search_expression> in the following statement with the example string.

SELECT count(*) FROM wiki.solr
WHERE solr_query = <search_expression>;

Procedure

  • Search for a single term on any indexed column or a specific column:

    Table 1. Word Examples
    Search in Syntax Example Results Description

    Any column

    '<term>'

    'Journal'

    count
    -------
       159

    Count of rows that contain the word African in the title or body fields.

    Specific column

    '<column_name>: <term>'

    'title: Journal'

    count
    -------
         9

    Count of rows that contain the word Journal in the title. Use column names in the query syntax to limit searches to specific columns.

  • Search for substrings:

    Asterisk indicates zero or more characters.

    Question mark indicates zero or one character.

    Table 2. Substring examples

    Type

    Example

    Results

    Description

    Beginning of term

    'title:Africa?'

    count
    -------
        16

    Count of rows that have a term that begins with Africa in the title, but can have only one additional character.

    Anywhere in term

    'title:*at*'

    count
    -------
       559

    Count of rows that have the term at or a term that contains at.

  • Searching for a phrase in any column or a specific column:

    Table 3. Phrase examples
    Search in Syntax Example Results Description

    Any column

    '"<phrase>"'

    '"African Journal"'

    count
    -------
         8

    Count of rows that contain the complete phrase in the title or body.

    Specific column

    '<column_name>:"<phrase>"'

    'title:"African Journal"'

    count
    -------
         8

    Count of rows that contain the complete phrase only in the title.

  • Search for multiple words or phrases in an indexed field, such as title, using operators:

    Table 4. Multiple terms or phrases with operators
    Location Example Results Description

    Require multiple terms

    'title:(+Journal, +Science)' 'title:Journal AND Science'

    count
    -------
         4

    Count of rows that contain both Journal and Science in the title. To use a list of terms, enclose a comma or space-separated list of terms and specify a boolean operator. In this case + requires the term; therefore both terms must be in the title.

    Either term

    'title:(Journal || Science)'

    count
    -------
        12

    Count of rows that contain either Journal or Science in the title. Separate the terms using two pipe characters. To search for either phrase, surround the string with double quotes '("Journal of Science" || "Science Journal")'.

    Substring beginning of term, including

    'title:Africa?'

    count
    -------
        16

    Count of rows that have a term that begins with Africa in the title but can only have one additional character.

    Substring anywhere in term, including term

    'title:*at*'

    count
    -------
       559

    Count of rows that have the term at or a term that contains at.

    '("Journal of Science" || "Science Journal")'

    Count of rows that contain either term in the title.To search for both phrases surround each string with double quotes.

    Phrase and either term

    'title:(+"African Journal", +(Science || "Legal Studies"))'

    count
    -------
         5

    Use Solr booleans to create more complex queries; this example counts row with African Journal in the title that also contain either Science or Legal Studies.

Filtering on terms Fuzzy search

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