About the Cassandra File System (CFS)

Analytics jobs often require a distributed file system. DataStax Enterprise provides a replacement for the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) called the Cassandra File System (CFS).

Analytics jobs require a distributed file system. DataStax Enterprise provides a replacement for the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) called the Cassandra File System (CFS). See also the DataStax Enterprise file system (DSEFS). DSEFS is a new distributed file system within DataStax Enterprise that is intended primarily for Spark streaming use cases and Write Ahead Logging (WAL).

When an analytics node starts up, DataStax Enterprise creates a default CFS rooted at cfs:/ and an archive file system named cfs-archive, which is rooted at cfs-archive:/. CFS is available only on analytics nodes. DataStax Enterprise creates a keyspace for the cfs-archive file system, and every other CFS file system. The keyspace name is similar to the file system name except the hyphen in the name is replaced by an underscore. For example, the cfs-archive file system keyspace is cfs_archive.

The Cassandra File System (CFS) is accessed as part of the Hadoop File System (HDFS) using the configured authentication. If you encrypt the CFS keyspace sblocks and inode tables, all CFS data is encrypted.

Increasing the replication factor of default CFS keyspaces 

You must increase the replication factor of default CFS keyspaces to prevent problems when running analytics jobs.

Configuring a CFS superuser 

A CFS superuser is the DataStax Enterprise daemon user, the user who starts DataStax Enterprise. A cassandra superuser, set up using the CQL CREATE ROLE command, is also a CFS superuser.

A CFS superuser can modify files in the CFS without any restrictions. Files that a superuser adds to the CFS are password-protected.

Deleting files from the CFS 

Cassandra does not immediately remove deleted data from disk when you use the dse hadoop fs -rm file command. Instead, Cassandra treats the deleted data like any data that is deleted from Cassandra. A tombstone is written to indicate the new data status. Data that is marked with a tombstone exists for a configured time period (defined by the gc_grace_seconds value that is set on the table). When the grace period expires, the compaction process permanently deletes the data. You do not have to manually remove expired data.

Checkpointing with the CFS 

DataStax Enterprise does not support checkpointing to CFS.

Managing the CFS consistency level 

The default read and write consistency level for CFS is LOCAL_QUORUM or QUORUM, depending on the keyspace replication strategy, SimpleStrategy or NetworkTopologyStrategy, respectively. You can change the consistency level by specifying a value for dse.consistencylevel.read and dse.consistencylevel.write properties in the core-site.xml file.

Using multiple Cassandra File Systems 

You can use more than one CFS. Typical reasons for using an additional CFS are:
  • To isolate analytics jobs
  • To configure keyspace replication by job
  • To segregate file systems in different physical datacenters
  • To separate analytics data in some other way

Procedure

To create an additional CFS:

  1. Open the core-site.xml file for editing.
    The default location of the core-site.xml file depends on the type of installation:
    Installer-Services and Package installations /etc/dse/hadoop/conf/core-site.xml
    Installer-No Services and Tarball installations install_location/resources/hadoop/conf/core-site.xml
  2. Add one or more property elements to core-site.xml using this format:
    <property>
      <name>fs.cfs-file_system_name.impl</name>
      <value>com.datastax.bdp.hadoop.cfs.CassandraFileSystem</value>
    </property>
    With multiple CFS, you must override the default file system name for the newly created CFS to avoid conflicts with existing CFS on other datacenters. Each datacenter requires a unique default file system. For example, instead of the default value cfs://127.0.0.1/, specify a unique file system name for the new CFS, like cfs-myfs://127.0.0.1/:
    <property>
        <name>fs.cfs-myfs.impl</name>
        <value>com.datastax.bdp.hadoop.cfs.CassandraFileSystem</value>
      </property>
      <property>
        <name>fs.default.name</name>
        <value>cfs-myfs://127.0.0.1/</value>
      </property>
  3. Save the file and restart Cassandra.

    DataStax Enterprise creates the new CFS.

  4. To access the new CFS, construct a URL using the following format:
    cfs-file_system_name:path

    For example, assuming the new file system name is NewCassandraFS use the dse commands to put data on the new CFS.

    dse hadoop fs -put /tmp/giant_log.gz cfs-NewCassandraFS://cassandrahost/tmp
    
    dse hadoop fs distcp hdfs:/// cfs-NewCassandraFS:///